In string \"12345\", out string \"54321\". Preferably without third party tools and regex.
If var=12345:
var=12345
bash for((i=0;i<${#var};i++)); do rev="$rev${var:~i:1}"; done
for((i=0;i<${#var};i++)); do rev="$rev${var:~i:1}"; done
sh c=$var; while [ "$c" ]; do rev=$rev${c#"${c%?}"}; c=${c%?}; done
c=$var; while [ "$c" ]; do rev=$rev${c#"${c%?}"}; c=${c%?}; done
echo "var: $var, rev: $rev"
Run it:
$ rev var: 12345, rev: 54321