I am currently building a simple google chrome extension to prank my brother. The Extension simply deletes the old page and replaces it with HTML and CSS copied off of the \
As of Chrome v61, content scripts are no longer allowed on the New Tab Page.
The URL of the new tab page has changed to chrome-search://local-ntp/local-ntp.html.
If you want to create a custom New Tab Page, use override pages.
I decided to delete the original content of this answer to avoid possibly misleading somebody. The original answer can be viewed in edit history.