In Python, what determines the order while iterating through kwargs?

Question

In python, I wrote this function to teach myself how **kwargs works in Python:

def fxn(a1, **kwargs):
    print a1
    for k in kwargs:
                 


        

Answer 1

Since kwargs is a Python dictionary, which is implemented as a hash table, its ordering is not preserved and is effectively random.

Actually, as a fix to a recent security issue in many programming languages, in the future the order may even change between invocations of your program (invocations of the Python interpreter).