I was wondering if any fellow SO\'s could recommend a good light-weight fixed size integer type (128-bit or even 256-bit, possibly even template parametrized) library.
The Xint library is currently under review to become part of Boost. Although it is discussed rather controversially and the outcome of the review is not clear yet, the library fulfills some of your requirements:
One of the points that are discussed during the review is performance though. If accepted as an official Boost library, I expect performance issues to be addressed promptly.
So I would give it a try: Code, Documentation.