What's the difference between a temp table and table variable in SQL Server?
In SQL Server 2005, we can create temp tables one of two ways:
declare @tmp table (Col1 int, Col2 int);
or
create table #tm
-
Just looking at the claim in the accepted answer that table variables don't participate in logging.
It seems generally untrue that there is any difference in quantity of logging (at least for
insert/update/deleteoperations to the table itself though I have since found that there is some small difference in this respect for cached temporary objects in stored procedures due to additional system table updates).I looked at the logging behaviour against both a
@table_variableand a#temptable for the following operations.- Successful Insert
- Multi Row Insert where statement rolled back due to constraint violation.
- Update
- Delete
- Deallocate
The transaction log records were almost identical for all operations.
The table variable version actually has a few extra log entries because it gets an entry added to (and later removed from) the
sys.syssingleobjrefsbase table but overall had a few less bytes logged purely as the internal name for table variables consumes 236 less bytes than for#temptables (118 fewernvarcharcharacters).Full script to reproduce (best run on an instance started in single user mode and using
sqlcmdmode):setvar tablename "@T" :setvar tablescript "DECLARE @T TABLE" /* --Uncomment this section to test a #temp table :setvar tablename "#T" :setvar tablescript "CREATE TABLE #T" */ USE tempdb GO CHECKPOINT DECLARE @LSN NVARCHAR(25) SELECT @LSN = MAX([Current LSN]) FROM fn_dblog(null, null) EXEC(N'BEGIN TRAN StartBatch SAVE TRAN StartBatch COMMIT $(tablescript) ( [4CA996AC-C7E1-48B5-B48A-E721E7A435F0] INT PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT 0, InRowFiller char(7000) DEFAULT ''A'', OffRowFiller varchar(8000) DEFAULT REPLICATE(''B'',8000), LOBFiller varchar(max) DEFAULT REPLICATE(cast(''C'' as varchar(max)),10000) ) BEGIN TRAN InsertFirstRow SAVE TRAN InsertFirstRow COMMIT INSERT INTO $(tablename) DEFAULT VALUES BEGIN TRAN Insert9Rows SAVE TRAN Insert9Rows COMMIT INSERT INTO $(tablename) ([4CA996AC-C7E1-48B5-B48A-E721E7A435F0]) SELECT TOP 9 ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 0)) FROM sys.all_columns BEGIN TRAN InsertFailure SAVE TRAN InsertFailure COMMIT /*Try and Insert 10 rows, the 10th one will cause a constraint violation*/ BEGIN TRY INSERT INTO $(tablename) ([4CA996AC-C7E1-48B5-B48A-E721E7A435F0]) SELECT TOP (10) (10 + ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 0))) % 20 FROM sys.all_columns END TRY BEGIN CATCH PRINT ERROR_MESSAGE() END CATCH BEGIN TRAN Update10Rows SAVE TRAN Update10Rows COMMIT UPDATE $(tablename) SET InRowFiller = LOWER(InRowFiller), OffRowFiller =LOWER(OffRowFiller), LOBFiller =LOWER(LOBFiller) BEGIN TRAN Delete10Rows SAVE TRAN Delete10Rows COMMIT DELETE FROM $(tablename) BEGIN TRAN AfterDelete SAVE TRAN AfterDelete COMMIT BEGIN TRAN EndBatch SAVE TRAN EndBatch COMMIT') DECLARE @LSN_HEX NVARCHAR(25) = CAST(CAST(CONVERT(varbinary,SUBSTRING(@LSN, 1, 8),2) AS INT) AS VARCHAR) + ':' + CAST(CAST(CONVERT(varbinary,SUBSTRING(@LSN, 10, 8),2) AS INT) AS VARCHAR) + ':' + CAST(CAST(CONVERT(varbinary,SUBSTRING(@LSN, 19, 4),2) AS INT) AS VARCHAR) SELECT [Operation], [Context], [AllocUnitName], [Transaction Name], [Description] FROM fn_dblog(@LSN_HEX, null) AS D WHERE [Current LSN] > @LSN SELECT CASE WHEN GROUPING(Operation) = 1 THEN 'Total' ELSE Operation END AS Operation, Context, AllocUnitName, COALESCE(SUM([Log Record Length]), 0) AS [Size in Bytes], COUNT(*) AS Cnt FROM fn_dblog(@LSN_HEX, null) AS D WHERE [Current LSN] > @LSN GROUP BY GROUPING SETS((Operation, Context, AllocUnitName),())Results
+-----------------------+--------------------+---------------------------+---------------+------+---------------+------+------------------+ | | | | @TV | #TV | | +-----------------------+--------------------+---------------------------+---------------+------+---------------+------+------------------+ | Operation | Context | AllocUnitName | Size in Bytes | Cnt | Size in Bytes | Cnt | Difference Bytes | +-----------------------+--------------------+---------------------------+---------------+------+---------------+------+------------------+ | LOP_ABORT_XACT | LCX_NULL | | 52 | 1 | 52 | 1 | | | LOP_BEGIN_XACT | LCX_NULL | | 6056 | 50 | 6056 | 50 | | | LOP_COMMIT_XACT | LCX_NULL | | 2548 | 49 | 2548 | 49 | | | LOP_COUNT_DELTA | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysallocunits.clust | 624 | 3 | 624 | 3 | | | LOP_COUNT_DELTA | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysrowsets.clust | 208 | 1 | 208 | 1 | | | LOP_COUNT_DELTA | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysrscols.clst | 832 | 4 | 832 | 4 | | | LOP_CREATE_ALLOCCHAIN | LCX_NULL | | 120 | 3 | 120 | 3 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_INDEX_INTERIOR | Unknown Alloc Unit | 720 | 9 | 720 | 9 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.sysallocunits.clust | 444 | 3 | 444 | 3 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.sysallocunits.nc | 276 | 3 | 276 | 3 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.syscolpars.clst | 628 | 4 | 628 | 4 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.syscolpars.nc | 484 | 4 | 484 | 4 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.sysidxstats.clst | 176 | 1 | 176 | 1 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.sysidxstats.nc | 144 | 1 | 144 | 1 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.sysiscols.clst | 100 | 1 | 100 | 1 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.sysiscols.nc1 | 88 | 1 | 88 | 1 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.sysobjvalues.clst | 596 | 5 | 596 | 5 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.sysrowsets.clust | 132 | 1 | 132 | 1 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.sysrscols.clst | 528 | 4 | 528 | 4 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.sysschobjs.clst | 1040 | 6 | 1276 | 6 | 236 | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.sysschobjs.nc1 | 820 | 6 | 1060 | 6 | 240 | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.sysschobjs.nc2 | 820 | 6 | 1060 | 6 | 240 | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.sysschobjs.nc3 | 480 | 6 | 480 | 6 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.syssingleobjrefs.clst | 96 | 1 | | | -96 | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | sys.syssingleobjrefs.nc1 | 88 | 1 | | | -88 | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_MARK_AS_GHOST | Unknown Alloc Unit | 72092 | 19 | 72092 | 19 | | | LOP_DELETE_ROWS | LCX_TEXT_MIX | Unknown Alloc Unit | 16348 | 37 | 16348 | 37 | | | LOP_FORMAT_PAGE | LCX_HEAP | Unknown Alloc Unit | 1596 | 19 | 1596 | 19 | | | LOP_FORMAT_PAGE | LCX_IAM | Unknown Alloc Unit | 252 | 3 | 252 | 3 | | | LOP_FORMAT_PAGE | LCX_INDEX_INTERIOR | Unknown Alloc Unit | 84 | 1 | 84 | 1 | | | LOP_FORMAT_PAGE | LCX_TEXT_MIX | Unknown Alloc Unit | 4788 | 57 | 4788 | 57 | | | LOP_HOBT_DDL | LCX_NULL | | 108 | 3 | 108 | 3 | | | LOP_HOBT_DELTA | LCX_NULL | | 9600 | 150 | 9600 | 150 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysallocunits.clust | 456 | 3 | 456 | 3 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.syscolpars.clst | 644 | 4 | 644 | 4 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysidxstats.clst | 180 | 1 | 180 | 1 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysiscols.clst | 104 | 1 | 104 | 1 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysobjvalues.clst | 616 | 5 | 616 | 5 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysrowsets.clust | 136 | 1 | 136 | 1 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysrscols.clst | 544 | 4 | 544 | 4 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysschobjs.clst | 1064 | 6 | 1300 | 6 | 236 | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.syssingleobjrefs.clst | 100 | 1 | | | -100 | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_CLUSTERED | Unknown Alloc Unit | 135888 | 19 | 135888 | 19 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_INDEX_INTERIOR | Unknown Alloc Unit | 1596 | 19 | 1596 | 19 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_INDEX_LEAF | sys.sysallocunits.nc | 288 | 3 | 288 | 3 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_INDEX_LEAF | sys.syscolpars.nc | 500 | 4 | 500 | 4 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_INDEX_LEAF | sys.sysidxstats.nc | 148 | 1 | 148 | 1 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_INDEX_LEAF | sys.sysiscols.nc1 | 92 | 1 | 92 | 1 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_INDEX_LEAF | sys.sysschobjs.nc1 | 844 | 6 | 1084 | 6 | 240 | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_INDEX_LEAF | sys.sysschobjs.nc2 | 844 | 6 | 1084 | 6 | 240 | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_INDEX_LEAF | sys.sysschobjs.nc3 | 504 | 6 | 504 | 6 | | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_INDEX_LEAF | sys.syssingleobjrefs.nc1 | 92 | 1 | | | -92 | | LOP_INSERT_ROWS | LCX_TEXT_MIX | Unknown Alloc Unit | 5112 | 71 | 5112 | 71 | | | LOP_MARK_SAVEPOINT | LCX_NULL | | 508 | 8 | 508 | 8 | | | LOP_MODIFY_COLUMNS | LCX_CLUSTERED | Unknown Alloc Unit | 1560 | 10 | 1560 | 10 | | | LOP_MODIFY_HEADER | LCX_HEAP | Unknown Alloc Unit | 3780 | 45 | 3780 | 45 | | | LOP_MODIFY_ROW | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.syscolpars.clst | 384 | 4 | 384 | 4 | | | LOP_MODIFY_ROW | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysidxstats.clst | 100 | 1 | 100 | 1 | | | LOP_MODIFY_ROW | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysrowsets.clust | 92 | 1 | 92 | 1 | | | LOP_MODIFY_ROW | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysschobjs.clst | 1144 | 13 | 1144 | 13 | | | LOP_MODIFY_ROW | LCX_IAM | Unknown Alloc Unit | 4224 | 48 | 4224 | 48 | | | LOP_MODIFY_ROW | LCX_PFS | Unknown Alloc Unit | 13632 | 169 | 13632 | 169 | | | LOP_MODIFY_ROW | LCX_TEXT_MIX | Unknown Alloc Unit | 108640 | 120 | 108640 | 120 | | | LOP_ROOT_CHANGE | LCX_CLUSTERED | sys.sysallocunits.clust | 960 | 10 | 960 | 10 | | | LOP_SET_BITS | LCX_GAM | Unknown Alloc Unit | 1200 | 20 | 1200 | 20 | | | LOP_SET_BITS | LCX_IAM | Unknown Alloc Unit | 1080 | 18 | 1080 | 18 | | | LOP_SET_BITS | LCX_SGAM | Unknown Alloc Unit | 120 | 2 | 120 | 2 | | | LOP_SHRINK_NOOP | LCX_NULL | | | | 32 | 1 | 32 | +-----------------------+--------------------+---------------------------+---------------+------+---------------+------+------------------+ | Total | | | 410144 | 1095 | 411232 | 1092 | 1088 | +-----------------------+--------------------+---------------------------+---------------+------+---------------+------+------------------+
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