This code:
int i = 5;
i |= 10;
is equivalent to this code:
int i = 5;
i = i | 10;
Similarly, this code:
boolean b = false;
b |= true;
is equivalent to this one:
boolean b = false;
b = b | true;
In the first example, a bit-wise OR is being performed. In the second example, a boolean OR is performed.