Why XML-Serializable class need a parameterless constructor

Question

I\'m writing code to do Xml serialization. With below function.

public static string SerializeToXml(object obj)
{
    XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSeria         


        

Answer 1

The answer is: for no good reason whatsoever.

Contrary to its name, the XmlSerializer class is used not only for serialization, but also for deserialization. It performs certain checks on your class to make sure that it will work, and some of those checks are only pertinent to deserialization, but it performs them all anyway, because it does not know what you intend to do later on.

The check that your class fails to pass is one of the checks that are only pertinent to deserialization. Here is what happens:

• During deserialization, the XmlSerializer class will need to create instances of your type.

• In order to create an instance of a type, a constructor of that type needs to be invoked.

• If you did not declare a constructor, the compiler has already supplied a default parameterless constructor, but if you did declare a constructor, then that's the only constructor available.

• So, if the constructor that you declared accepts parameters, then the only way to instantiate your class is by invoking that constructor which accepts parameters.

• However, XmlSerializer is not capable of invoking any constructor except a parameterless constructor, because it does not know what parameters to pass to constructors that accept parameters. So, it checks to see if your class has a parameterless constructor, and since it does not, it fails.

So, if the XmlSerializer class had been written in such a way as to only perform the checks pertinent to serialization, then your class would pass, because there is absolutely nothing about serialization that makes it necessary to have a parameterless constructor.

As others have already pointed out, the quick solution to your problem is to simply add a parameterless constructor. Unfortunately, it is also a dirty solution, because it means that you cannot have any readonly members initialized from constructor parameters.

In addition to all this, the XmlSerializer class could have been written in such a way as to allow even deserialization of classes without parameterless constructors. All it would take would be to make use of "The Factory Method Design Pattern" (Wikipedia). From the looks of it, Microsoft decided that this design pattern is far too advanced for DotNet programmers, who apparently should not be unnecessarily confused with such things. So, DotNet programmers should better stick to parameterless constructors, according to Microsoft.