Why would a language NOT use Short-circuit evaluation?

Question

Why would a language NOT use Short-circuit evaluation? Are there any benefits of not using it?

I see that it could lead to some performances issues... is that true?

Answer 1

Many answers have talked about side-effects. Here's a Python example without side-effects in which (in my opinion) short-circuiting improves readability.

for i in range(len(myarray)):
  if myarray[i]>5 or (i>0 and myarray[i-1]>5):
    print "At index",i,"either arr[i] or arr[i-1] is big"

The short-circuit ensures we don't try to access myarray[-1], which would raise an exception since Python arrays start at 0. The code could of course be written without short-circuits, e.g.

for i in range(len(myarray)):
  if myarray[i]<=5: continue
  if i==0: continue
  if myarray[i-1]<=5: continue
  print "At index",i,...

but I think the short-circuit version is more readable.