Another way (to aid @NullUserException and @Wexoni's comments) is to retrieve the object's index in the array and then go from there:
var index = array.map(function(obj){ return obj.name; }).indexOf('name-I-am-looking-for');
// Then we can access it to do whatever we want
array[index] = {name: 'newName', value: 'that', other: 'rocks'};