I have a multi-project solution with Prism Nuget packages installed in several projects. I then attempted to add a Prism Mef extensions package to one of the projects using
You may want to check the .NET version of the package vs. your project.
I had an instance where my project was .NET 4.6.1, and the package I was attempting to install was using version 4.6.2. After updating my project to the same .NET version, the reference showed up.