I want to write a python script that populates a database with some information. One of the columns in my table is a BLOB that I would like to save a file to for each entry
thedata = open('thefile', 'rb').read()
sql = "INSERT INTO sometable (theblobcolumn) VALUES (%s)"
cursor.execute(sql, (thedata,))
That code of course works as written only if your table has just the BLOB column and what you want to do is INSERT, but of course you could easily tweak it to add more columns, use UPDATE instead of INSERT, or whatever it is that you exactly need to do.
I'm also assuming your file is binary rather than text, etc; again, if my guesses are incorrect it's easy for you to tweak the above code accordingly.
Some kind of SELECT on cursor.execute, then some kind of fetching from the cursor, is how you
retrieve BLOB data, exactly like you retrieve any other kind of data.