How to add text at the end of each line in unix

Question

I am doing certain text processing operations and finally able to get a file something like this

india
sudan
japan
france

now I want to add

Answer 1

You can also use xargs with echo for this:

< file xargs -d "\n" -rI % echo '% | COUNTRY'

This will make xargs take each line of file and pass it one at a time† to the specified echo command, replacing the % (or whatever character you choose) with the input line.

† By default xargs will pass multiple lines of input to a single command, appending them all to its argument list. But specifying -I % makes xargs put the input at the specified place in the command, and only put one line there at a time, running echo as many times as required.