Just recently I have had a problem with a key store. I know there are plenty of questions about this problem already. I have read them all and Googled furiously.
Are you storing values such as key.store.password or key.alias.password in your local.properties file? Are either of those incorrect?
I'm curious if there's some bug that occurs for keys created with JDK6 and verified in JDK7 - It would explain why the new keys you created for testing work, but the old one doesn't. Try downgrading to JDK6 and see if that fixes it- Others have had jarsigner trouble in JDK7 that went away when they downgraded to 6. If that works, file a bug report and demand a patch so you can safely upgrade to Java 7 :)