In official documentation you can find the info:
Each push notification includes a payload. The payload contains information about how the system sh
For iOS 9 there are some changes:
Introduction of HTTP/2
Payload increased to 4KB
4 KB limit apply to all versions of iOS and OS 10
Check this official link
For regular remote notifications, the maximum size is 4KB (4096 bytes)
For Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) notifications, the maximum size is 5KB (5120 bytes)
If you are using the legacy APNs binary interface to send notifications instead of an HTTP/2 request, the maximum payload size is 2KB (2048 bytes)
Check this video link for more details regarding the features of HTTP/2
https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2015-720/