It is a term most commonly used in the field of Mathematical Logic.
From wikipedia
In mathematics, a predicate is either a relation or the boolean-valued function that amounts to the characteristic function or the indicator function of such a relation.
A function P: X→ {true, false} is called a predicate on X. When P is a predicate on X, we sometimes say P is a property of X.
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"predicate" == "filter criteria"
