How does one do this?
If I want to analyze how something is getting compiled, how would I get the emitted assembly code?
As mentioned before, look at the -S flag.
It's also worth looking at the '-fdump-tree' family of flags, in particular '-fdump-tree-all', which lets you see some of gcc's intermediate forms. These can often be more readable than assembler (at least to me), and let you see how optimisation passes perform.