While you are in debug mode within the catch {...}
block open up the "QuickWatch" window (ctrl+alt+q) and paste in there:
((System.Data.Entity.Validation.DbEntityValidationException)ex).EntityValidationErrors
or:
((System.Data.Entity.Validation.DbEntityValidationException)$exception).EntityValidationErrors
If you are not in a try/catch or don't have access to the exception object.
This will allow you to drill down into the ValidationErrors
tree. It's the easiest way I've found to get instant insight into these errors.