ng serve
serves an Angular project via a development server
npm start
runs an ar
There are more than that. The executed executables are different.
npm run start
will run your projects local executable which is located in your node_modules/.bin.
ng serve
will run another executable which is global.
It means if you clone and install an Angular project which is created with angular-cli version 5 and your global cli version is 7, then you may have problems with ng build.