Which Visual Studio \\ Visual C++ file types should be committed to version control?
In my project I have the following file types:
aps
cpp
exe
filters
h
The other answers are excellent; I just thought I'd contribute a useful little tool. Check out the Visual Studio .gitignore template on GitHub. It's a nice actively maintained list of files that are commonly kept out of version control.
And while you're at it, the whole gitignore repository is a very useful resource for all sorts of development from ActionScript to Zend. If you don't use Git, you can still use the gitignore files as a reference.