My data file has this content
# data file for use with gnuplot
# Report 001
# Data as of Tuesday 03-Sep-2013
total 1976
case1 522 278 146 65 26 7
case
For linux and similar.
If you don't know the row number where your data is located, but you know it is in the n-th column of a row where the value of the m-th column is x, you can define a function
get_data(m,x,n,filename)=system('awk "\$'.m.'==\"'.x.'\"{print \$'.n.'}" '.filename)
and then use it, for example, as
y = get_data(1,"case2",4,"datafile.txt")
using data provided by user424855
print y
should return 15