A. What does this do?
require (\"./file.php\");
B. in comparison to this?
require (\"file.php\");
(
Simply you are telling php to include the file in the current directory only or fail if the file is not present.
If you use the format "indexcommon3.php" and the file is not present php will search it into the include_path system variable.
For reference you can use http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.include.php