As part of a larger problem (adding a ,makeUniqueIDs argument to rbind.SpatialPolygonsDataFrame for situations when the polygon IDs are identical),
The names of the first dataframe do not match the names of the second one. Just as the error message says.
> identical(names(xd.small[[1]]), names(xd.small[[2]]) )
[1] FALSE
If you do not care about the names of the 3rd or 4th columns of the second df, you can coerce them to be the same:
> names(xd.small[[1]]) <- names(xd.small[[2]])
> identical(names(xd.small[[1]]), names(xd.small[[2]]) )
[1] TRUE
Then things should proceed happily.