how to merge two sorted integer array in place using O(n) time and O(1) space cost

Question

For example, given an integer array and its two consecutive sequence \'s beginning position which are \'b1\' and \'b2\', furthermore provided with the position \'last\' whic

Answer 1

Here is O(n-1) Memory (n+1)

/**
 * Created by deian on 2016-12-22.
 * We just need track the two smallest numbers 
 */
public class Merge {
    public static void swap(int[] a, int i1, int i2) {
        int t = a[i1];
        a[i1] = a[i2];
        a[i2] = t;
    }

    public static void merge(int[] a) {
        // i1 and i2 - always point to the smallest known numbers
        // it would works as well with two m and n sized arrays 
        int i1 = 0;
        int i2 = a.length / 2;

        System.out.printf("    %s,      i(%d,%d)       \n", Arrays.toString(a), i1, i2);
        for (int di = 0; di < a.length - 1; di++) {
            int ni;
            int oi1 = i1; int oi2 = i2;
            if (a[i1] > a[i2]) {
                ni = i2; i2++;
                if (i2 >= a.length) { i2--; }
            } else {
                ni = i1; i1++;
                if (i1 >= i2) { i1 = di; }
            }
            if (di == i1) { i1 = ni; }
            swap(a, di, ni);
            System.out.printf("#%d: %s, i(%d,%d)s(%d>%d)i(%d,%d) \n", di + 1, Arrays.toString(a), oi1, oi2, ni, di, i1, i2);
        }
        System.out.printf("    %s\n", Arrays.toString(a));
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        int[] a = new int[]{1, 3, 6, 8, -5, -2, 3, 8};
//        int[] a = new int[]{1, 3, 6, 8, -5, 2, 3, 8};
//        int[] a = new int[]{1, 5, 6, 8, -5, 2, 3, 4};
//        int[] a = new int[]{1, 5, 6, 8, -5, -2, -1, 4};
//        int[] a = new int[]{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8};
//        int[] a = new int[]{5, 6, 7, 8, 1, 2, 3, 4};
        int[] a = new int[]{1, 3, 5, 7, 2, 4, 6, 8};
        merge(a);
    }
}