In the new AppCompat library, we can tint the button this way:
You could use
button.setBackgroundTintList(ColorStateList.valueOf(resources.getColor(R.id.blue_100)));
But I would recommend you to use a support library drawable tinting which just got released yesterday:
Drawable drawable = ...;
// Wrap the drawable so that future tinting calls work
// on pre-v21 devices. Always use the returned drawable.
drawable = DrawableCompat.wrap(drawable);
// We can now set a tint
DrawableCompat.setTint(drawable, Color.RED);
// ...or a tint list
DrawableCompat.setTintList(drawable, myColorStateList);
// ...and a different tint mode
DrawableCompat.setTintMode(drawable, PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_OVER);
You can find more in this blog post (see section "Drawable tinting")