I have noticed that when I change rails project files such as a html.erb or .css, I don\'t have to restart the server with the rails -s
You will generally need to restart your server whenever a gem is installed or updated, if you upgrade ruby, or if you change some logic that runs during boot time (like config/boot.rb or config/database.yml). Otherwise it's generally ok not to, even if you edit/add models/controllers.
Side note: the jquery-rails gem makes adding jquery to a project easy.