The basic \"Fragments Tutorial\" pattern goes something like this:
Referring to the 1st question of "Is there a reason to split the phone app into many Activities?" - Yes. it simply comes down to the space available, a Tablet gives more room to developers, thus allowing developers to put more on one screen. Android tells us that Activities can provide a screen. So What you can do with 1 large screen on a tablet, is something that may have to be spread across multiple screens on a phone, because there's not enough room for all of the fragments.