Location of highest density on a sphere

Question

I have a lot of points on the surface of the sphere. How can I calculate the area/spot of the sphere that has the largest point density? I need this to be done very fast. If

Answer 1

You can use the Peters projection, which preserves the areas.

This will allow you to efficiently count the points in a grid, but also in a sliding window (box Parzen window) by using the integral image trick.