I can\'t see any info about that. Where can I find the oldest date Mysql can support ?
Use SMALLINT for year, so the year will accept from -32768 (BC) to 32768 (AD)
As for months and days, use TINYINT UNSIGNED
Most historical events dont have months and days, so you could query like this :
SELECT events FROM history WHERE year='-4990'
Result : 'Noah Ark'
Or : SELECT events FROM history WHERE year='570' AND month='4' AND day='20'
return : "Muhammad pbuh was born"
Depending on requirements, you could also add DATETIME column and make it NULL for date before 1000 and vice versa (thus saving some bytes)