How can I (natively) implement the fullscreen feature of OSX Lion in a Java application?
The current answers given incorporate a good method for achieving a sort-of-
What you are trying to do can be done through the com.apple.eawt library. Additionally in order to avoid writing code through reflection if you also deploy your application on other OSes like Windows, Linux etc. you should use and distribute embeded within your application the AppleJavaExtensions.jar from Apple.
This is the method to make a frame expandable in full screen:
FullScreenUtilities.setWindowCanFullScreen(window,true);
And this is the method to toggle full screen:
Application.getApplication().requestToggleFullScreen(window);
where the parameter window is the JFrame of your application that you are trying to make full screen capable.
To see an example application have a look at RationalPlan Project.