What is the scope of a 'while' and 'for' loop?

Question

What is the scope of a while and for loop?

For example, if I declared an object within the loop, what is its behavior and why?

Answer 1

int a;
for(int b=0; b<10; ++b) { 
   int c;
}

scopes as if it were:

int a;
{
    int b=0;
begin:
    if (b<= 10) 
    {
        {
            int c;
        }
        ++b;
        goto begin;
    }
}

The purpose is so that variables go out of scope at clearly defined sequence points.