You can use a data: URI like in adeneo's answer, but another way is to use an HTML5 Blob and createObjectURL (similarly using the download attribute to create a download link).
The benefit of using createObjectURL is that there are severe size limits to data URIs in most browsers.
Example code taken from linked article:
var typedArray = GetTheTypedArraySomehow();
var blob = new Blob([typedArray], {type: 'application/octet-binary'});
// pass a useful mime type here
var url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
// url will be something like: blob:d3958f5c-0777-0845-9dcf-2cb28783acaf
// now you can use the url in any context that regular URLs can be used
// in, for example img.src, etc.
