std::string in a multi-threaded program

Question

Given that:

1) The C++03 standard does not address the existence of threads in any way

2) The C++03 standard leaves it up to implementations to decide whethe

Answer 1

Given that the standard doesn't say a word about memory models and is completely thread unaware, I'd say you can't definitely assume every implementation will be non-cow so no, you can't

Apart from that, if you know your tools, most of the implementations will use non-cow strings to allow multi-threading.