I try to change the font size of package explorer in Eclipse from menu Window → Preferences → General → Appearance, and I fail to change
You can lookup the CSS style files in eclipse/plugins/org.eclipse.platform_4.2.X.vY/css edit your current style (probably e4_default_win7.css).
Add something like this:
#org-eclipse-ui-jdt-PackageExplorer {
font-size: 20pt;
}
and hope you have a nice and large font (I did not check it myself).
Pro tip: Next time you need to find the CSS Id for a part of the UI, use CSS Spy which you can open with SHIFT-ALT-F5 (after you have installed it).