I have tried:
echo -e \"egg\\t \\t\\t salad\" | sed -E \'s/[[:blank:]]+/\\t/g\'
Which results in:
eggtsalad
Use ANSI-C style quoting: $'string'
$'string'
sed $'s/foo/\t/'
So in your example, simply add a $:
$
echo -e "egg\t \t\t salad" | sed -E $'s/[[:blank:]]+/\t/g'