In a C lib, there is a function waiting a function pointer such that:
lasvm_kcache_t* lasvm_kcache_create(lasvm_kernel_t kernelfunc, void *closure)
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Every C++ member function has an implicit, hidden, first parameter, this.
So the method double cls_lasvm::kernel(int i, int j, void* kparam) is really:
double cls_lasvm::kernel(cls_lasvm* this, int i, int j, void* kparam), and it is inappropriate/impossible to use it as a function-pointer parameter.
To make progress, convert your method to be a static-member-method. That will remove the this pointer. You may still have other issues to overcome, but that is a good start.