I know that the emulator has supported OpenGL ES 2.0 as of SDK tools 17 and Android 4.0.3, but that was introduced back in April 2012.
Does the Android emulator sup
The latest Android Emulator now supports OpenGL ES 3.0. To use OpenGL ES 3.0, your development machine needs a host GPU graphics card that supports OpenGL 3.2 or higher on Microsoft® Windows® or Linux.
See: https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2017/05/android-studio-3-0-canary1.html
The gles3jni sample app from the NDK is a good option to try it out.
If it fails with:
java.lang.RuntimeException: createContext failed: EGL_BAD_CONFIG
also try to run first on host:
echo "GLESDynamicVersion = on" >> ~/.android/advancedFeatures.ini
as the devs are currently whitelisting supported host GPUs, and that overrides it, see also: https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/68496715