For those looking for a more simple approach;
Date.prototype.getWeek = function() {
var onejan = new Date(this.getFullYear(),0,1);
var today = new Date(this.getFullYear(),this.getMonth(),this.getDate());
var dayOfYear = ((today - onejan + 86400000)/86400000);
return Math.ceil(dayOfYear/7)
};
Use with:
var today = new Date();
var currentWeekNumber = today.getWeek();
console.log(currentWeekNumber);