Do web browsers always send a trailing slash after a domain name?

Question

Is there consistency and/or a standard on how browsers send a url to a host related to trailing slashes?

Meaning, if I type in http://example.com in the

Answer 1

Note that it's a very different matter when the URL has a path element:

http://example.com/dir

is a different URL than

http://example.com/dir/

and could in fact contain different content, and have a different search engine ranking.