I have a problem. I am writing a piece of software, which is required to perform an operation which requires the user to be in sudo mode. running \'sudo python filename.py\'
If you are able to encapsulate just the necessary functionality requiring elevated privileges in a separate executable, you could use the setuid bit on the executable program, and call it from your user-level python script.
In this way, only the activity in the setuid-executable run as root, however executing this does NOT require sudo, i.e., root privileges. Only creating/modifying the setuid-executable requires sudo.
There are a few security implications, such as ensuring that your setuid executable program properly sanitizes any user input (e.g., parameters), so that it cannot be tricked into doing something it should not (confused deputy problem).
ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setuid#setuid_on_executables
edit: setuid only seems to work for compiled executables (binaries), and not interpreted scripts, so you may need to use a compiled setuid wrapper.