date value
18/5/2010, 1 pm 40
18/5/2010, 2 pm 20
18/5/2010, 3 pm 60
18/5/2010, 4 pm 30
18/5/2010, 5 pm 60
18/5/20
Keywords like TOP, LIMIT, ROWNUM, ...etc are database dependent. Please read this article for more information.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Select_(SQL)#Result_limits
Oracle: ROWNUM could be used.
select * from (select * from table
order by value desc, date_column)
where rownum = 1;
Answering the question more specifically:
select high_val, my_key
from (select high_val, my_key
from mytable
where something = 'avalue'
order by high_val desc)
where rownum <= 1