Difference between instantiation and specialization in c++ templates

Question

What is the difference between specialization and instantiation in context of C++ templates. From what I have read so far the following is what I have understood about speci

Answer 1

What is the difference between specialization and instantiation in context of C++ templates?

Normally (no specializations present) the compiler will create instantiations of a template when they are used, by substituting actual template parameters (int in your example) for the formal template parameters (T) and then compile the resulting code.

If a specialization is present, then for the (set of) special template parameter(s) specified by that specialization, that specialization's implementation is to be used instead of what the compiler would create.