How to define different types for the same class in C++

Question

I would like to have several types that share the same implementation but still are of different type in C++.

To illustrate my question with a simple example, I woul

Answer 1

Use templates, and use a trait per fruit, for example:

struct AppleTraits
{
  // define apple specific traits (say, static methods, types etc)
  static int colour = 0; 
};

struct OrangeTraits
{
  // define orange specific traits (say, static methods, types etc)
  static int colour = 1; 
};

// etc

Then have a single Fruit class which is typed on this trait eg.

template 
struct Fruit
{
  // All fruit methods...
  // Here return the colour from the traits class..
  int colour() const
  { return FruitTrait::colour; }
};

// Now use a few typedefs
typedef Fruit Apple;
typedef Fruit Orange;

May be slightly overkill! ;)