How to implement depth first search for graph with a non-recursive approach

Question

I have spent lots of time on this issue. However, I can only find solutions with non-recursive methods for a tree: Non recursive for tree, or a recursive method for the grap

Answer 1

Acutally, stack is not well able to deal with discover time and finish time, if we want to implement DFS with stack, and want to deal with discover time and finish time, we would need to resort to another recorder stack, my implementation is shown below, have test correct, below is for case-1, case-2 and case-3 graph.

from collections import defaultdict

class Graph(object):

    adj_list = defaultdict(list)

    def __init__(self, V):
        self.V = V

    def add_edge(self,u,v):
        self.adj_list[u].append(v)

    def DFS(self):
        visited = []
        instack = []
        disc = []
        fini = []
        for t in range(self.V):
            visited.append(0)
            disc.append(0)
            fini.append(0)
            instack.append(0)

        time = 0
        for u_ in range(self.V):
            if (visited[u_] != 1):
                stack = []
                stack_recorder = []
                stack.append(u_)
                while stack:
                    u = stack.pop()
                    visited[u] = 1
                    time+=1
                    disc[u] = time
                    print(u)
                    stack_recorder.append(u)
                    flag = 0
                    for v in self.adj_list[u]:
                        if (visited[v] != 1):
                            flag = 1
                            if instack[v]==0:
                                stack.append(v)
                            instack[v]= 1



                    if flag == 0:
                        time+=1
                        temp = stack_recorder.pop()
                        fini[temp] = time
                while stack_recorder:
                    temp = stack_recorder.pop()
                    time+=1
                    fini[temp] = time
        print(disc)
        print(fini)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    V = 6
    G = Graph(V)

#==============================================================================
# #for case 1
#     G.add_edge(0,1)
#     G.add_edge(0,2)
#     G.add_edge(1,3)
#     G.add_edge(2,1)
#     G.add_edge(3,2) 
#==============================================================================

#==============================================================================
# #for case 2
#     G.add_edge(0,1)
#     G.add_edge(0,2)
#     G.add_edge(1,3)
#     G.add_edge(3,2)  
#==============================================================================

#for case 3
    G.add_edge(0,3)    
    G.add_edge(0,1)

    G.add_edge(1,4)
    G.add_edge(2,4)
    G.add_edge(2,5)
    G.add_edge(3,1)
    G.add_edge(4,3)
    G.add_edge(5,5)    


    G.DFS()