This is a part of my manifest:
You can do this without hardcoding the package name with an additional benefit of being able to run multiple variants on the same device (think release and debug with applicationIdSuffix, see these issues):
Based on FileProvider.java:560
final ProviderInfo info = context.getPackageManager()
.resolveContentProvider(authority, PackageManager.GET_META_DATA);
final XmlResourceParser in = info.loadXmlMetaData( //560
context.getPackageManager(), META_DATA_FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS);
you were using the wrong authority and it didn't find the ContentProvider (info == null).
Change your manifest to (${applicationId} will be replaced by Manifest Merger)
android:authorities="${applicationId}.share"
and
Uri uri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(context, context.getPackageName() + ".share", result);
The .share suffix is optional, in case you have a real ContentProvider which is better to have the package name as the authority.