I have successfully been able to share folders between a docker container with volumes using
docker run -v /host/path:/container/path ...
B
This is from the Docker documentation itself, might be of help, simple and plain:
"The host directory is, by its nature, host-dependent. For this reason, you can’t mount a host directory from Dockerfile, the VOLUME instruction does not support passing a host-dir, because built images should be portable. A host directory wouldn’t be available on all potential hosts.".