In fact both parameter and argument are different types of parameters. Those are
1)Formal Parameters - variables appear in function/subroutine definitions
for eg. (in Java)
public void foo(Integer integer, String... s2)
Here both integer and s2 are formal parameters or loosely speaking parameters.
2)Actual parameters or arguments - variables appear in subroutines while calling the
already defined subroutine
for eg. (in Java)
suppose If the function "foo" resides in object "testObject" ,
testObject.foo(new Integer(1), "test")
So variables in the function definition are called formal parameters or simply parameters and variables while calling methods are called as actual parameters or arguments. I hope it helps.