If there is a repository that I only have git:// access to (and would usually just push+pull), is there a way to rename branches in that repository in the same
Adding to the answers already given, here is a version that first checks whether the new branch already exists (so you can safely use it in a script)
if git ls-remote --heads "$remote" \
| cut -f2 \
| sed 's:refs/heads/::' \
| grep -q ^"$newname"$; then
echo "Error: $newname already exists"
exit 1
fi
git push "$oldname" "$remote/$oldname:refs/heads/$newname" ":$oldname"
(the check is from this answer)