I want to run a content script on an iframe with a chrome-extension:// URL. I added a line to my manifest.json that I copied out of the documentation http://code.google.com/
It seems that Chrome authors have silently removed the ability for content scripts to be injected into chrome-extension: pages. Documentation still says that it works and even contains examples with chrome-extension: scheme but actually it doesn't work. So now only http:, https: and ftp: work "from the box" and file: can work if user of your extension has enabled this on Extensions (chrome://extensions/) page.
Update: now documentation referred above is updated and says nothing about ability to inject content scripts to chrome-extension: pages.