Call a function defined in another function

Question

Can I call a function nested inside another function from the global scope in python3.2?

def func1():
    def func2():
        print(\"Hello\")
        retur         


        

Answer 1

You want to use @larsmans' solution, but theoretically you can cut yourself into the code object of the locally accessible func1 and slice out the code object of func2 and execute that:

#!/usr/bin/env python

def func1():
    def func2():
        print("Hello")

# => co_consts is a tuple containing the literals used by the bytecode
print(func1.__code__.co_consts)
# => (None, )

exec(func1.__code__.co_consts[1])
# => prints 'Hello'

But again, this is nothing for production code.

Note: For a Python 2 version replace __code__ with func_code (and import the print_function from the __future__).

Some further reading:

• http://web.archive.org/web/20081122090534/http://pyref.infogami.com/type-code
• http://docs.python.org/reference/simple_stmts.html#exec
• http://lucumr.pocoo.org/2011/2/1/exec-in-python/