Is just a function that executes after one other function that calls it, finishes?
Please I know (almost) nothing about programming, and I find it quite hard to find
A callback function is a function that is automatically called when another process ends. They are very usefull in asyncronous process, like get a page.
EDIT
Example: You want to get make a ajax call (get a page for example). And you want to run some function when donwload finishes.
With jquery, you can use this:
$.get('PageIWant.html', myCallBack);
function myCallBack (data){
alert('I have got the page!');
}